篇章結構 5 選 4
觀念
篇章結構(115 學年度起改成 5 選 4)是把一篇文章挖掉 4 個句子,給你 5 個句子,選出 4 個依序填回去,有一句是多的。它考的是你能不能看出句子之間的邏輯關係,不是單字。
找線索的四個方向:
- 代名詞與指示詞:選項開頭是 They、This、Such、These changes,一定要往前找它指的東西。前一句是 "Deep sleep helps transfer facts",後面接 "Later in the night, during dream sleep, ..." 就很順。
- 轉折詞與連接詞:However(轉折)、For example(舉例)、Therefore / As a result(結論)、In addition(補充)。空格後面接 For instance,空格本身多半是一個「概括性的說法」。
- 段落結構:段落第一個空格常是主題句;最後一段的空格常是總結或建議。
- 重複出現的關鍵字:選項裡的關鍵字如果在空格前後也有出現,通常就是答案。
解題順序:先讀完整篇抓主旨 → 先填最有把握的格 → 每填一格,把前後句連起來念一次 → 最後確認多出來的那一句為什麼不行(常見原因:跟主旨相反、代名詞找不到對象、放哪裡都斷掉)。
作答方式:依空格 1→4 的順序選出 4 個句子。
例題
依正確順序排好
Procrastination, or delaying tasks that we need to do, is a common behavior that affects almost everyone. Many people assume that delaying work is simply a result of poor time management or laziness. 1 Instead, research suggests that it is closely related to how our minds handle negative feelings. When we face a difficult or boring task, we often feel stress, anxiety, or fear of failure. 2 To avoid these bad feelings, we choose to do something more pleasant in the short term, such as watching a video or cleaning the room. 3 For instance, when we avoid a task, we might feel happy for a moment, but the worry soon returns. As the final date for the task comes closer, our stress level increases significantly. 4 Understanding that procrastination is an emotional struggle rather than a time problem is the first step to fixing it.
篇章結構(5 選 4):上面的文章有 4 個空格,每格原本是一個句子。從下面 5 個句子中選出 4 個,依空格 1→4 的順序排好(有一句用不到)。
- ① Therefore, we should plan our daily schedule more carefully to save time.
- ② This quick action offers temporary relief, but it actually creates more trouble later.
- ③ Our brain wants to protect us from this immediate discomfort.
- ④ However, scientific studies show that this common view is not entirely true.
- ⑤ Ultimately, this behavior can damage our performance and reduce our self-trust.
看解法與答案
第一個空格填入 However, scientific studies show that this common view is not entirely true.，因為 However 進行轉折，而 this common view 指代前句的「拖延是時間管理不善或懶惰所致」，並引出後文「研究指出這與情緒有關」。第二個空格填入 Our brain wants to protect us from this immediate discomfort.，其中 this immediate discomfort 指代前句提到的「壓力、焦慮或對失敗的恐懼」，解釋了我們為什麼會想逃避。第三個空格填入 This quick action offers temporary relief, but it actually creates more trouble later.，因為 This quick action 指代前句「看影片或打掃房間」等轉移注意力的行為，並引出後文「雖然短暫快樂，但擔憂很快又會回來」的後果。第四個空格填入 Ultimately, this behavior can damage our performance and reduce our self-trust.，因為它總結了拖延行為（this behavior）帶來的最終負面影響，並引出結語。干擾選項強調時間規劃，但文章主旨已說明拖延是情緒管理問題而非時間管理問題，因此不符合邏輯。
- However, scientific studies show that this common view is not entirely true.
- Our brain wants to protect us from this immediate discomfort.
- This quick action offers temporary relief, but it actually creates more trouble later.
- Ultimately, this behavior can damage our performance and reduce our self-trust.
用在哪裡
- 教育學測篇章結構 115 學年起改為 5 選 4,看懂句子之間的邏輯才拿得到分。
- 商業寫英文報告或簡報時,用轉折詞把段落接順,讀者才跟得上你的論點。
- 社會讀英文評論文章時,看出作者「舉例、轉折、結論」的結構,更快抓到立場。
學習路徑
先學會
- 中譯英單句 國中 · 國三
學完可以接著學
- 文意選填 高中 · 高二
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